(+)-Verbenone

Verbenone, as an aggregation pheromone antagonist of small beetles like the pine bark beetle, is naturally released from pine trees affected by infestations or synthesised artificially. It can effectively disrupt the chemical communication and aggregation behaviour of small beetles. It has been developed as an environmentally friendly repellent for forest pest control, significantly reducing the mortality rate of pine trees by blocking the group attack signals of pests, and has become a key behavioural regulation technology to replace traditional pesticides in forestry ecological protection.