| Latin Name | Ips typographus |
| Common Name | European spruce bark beetle |
| Biology | Adults are ~3-5 mm, black. Attacks Norway spruce. One generation/year. Overwinters as larvae. Males produce pheromones . |
| Damage | Mass attacks kill healthy spruce. Transmits Ophiostoma fungi . |
| Distribution Regions | Europe and Asia (e.g., Russia, Scandinavia) . |
| Monitoring | Visual inspection of galleries. Pheromone traps . |
| Recommended Traps | Pheromone traps (e.g., multi-funnel traps) . |
Literature review
The cited publications support the exact compound-species relationship. Formulation, ratio, loading, release rate and field lifetime depend on a validated lure protocol and are not inferred here.
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